Kidney cancer can develop quietly within the cells of this vital organ, often without noticeable symptoms. The risk of kidney cancer increases with age, with lifestyle factors playing a significant role. In 2023, nearly 4,600 people were diagnosed with kidney cancer, with the average age at diagnosis being 65.
Smokers are at double the risk of developing kidney cancer compared to non-smokers. However, even without smoking or drinking, unhealthy lifestyle habits like poor diet and inactivity can still increase the risk as you age. The most common type of kidney cancer is renal cell carcinoma (RCC), accounting for about 90% of all cases.
“Kidneys filter waste products and excess fluids from the blood, maintain electrolyte balance, and regulate blood pressure,” explains Dr. Raghunath S.K., Senior Consultant and Director of Uro-oncology and Robotic Surgery at HCG Cancer Centre, Bangalore. “Kidney health can be compromised by lifestyle choices and medical conditions. Kidney cancer, marked by abnormal cell growth, often progresses rapidly without early symptoms, posing serious health risks. However, steps can be taken to promote kidney health and reduce cancer risk.”
Dr. Raghunath notes that kidney cancer is often linked to smoking, obesity, and genetic predisposition. Symptoms include blood in urine, back pain, weight loss, and fatigue. Diagnosis involves imaging tests, and treatment options include surgery, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and clinical trials tailored to the cancer stage and patient’s health.
Early detection is crucial for a better prognosis. Preventive measures can significantly lower the risk of kidney cancer. Here are some lifestyle mistakes to avoid:
- Unbalanced Diet: Prioritize a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, while limiting processed meats, sugary drinks, and unhealthy fats. These foods provide essential nutrients that support kidney health and reduce cancer risk.
- Excess Weight: Maintain a healthy weight through regular exercise and mindful eating. Excess weight strains the kidneys and increases the risk of kidney disease and cancer. Eat nutrient-rich foods in appropriate portions.
- Inadequate Hydration: Drink plenty of water, aiming for at least 8 glasses (2 liters) daily, to support kidney function and toxin elimination. Pale yellow urine indicates adequate hydration.
- Smoking and Alcohol: Quit smoking and moderate alcohol intake to protect your kidneys. Seek support if needed to quit smoking or reduce alcohol consumption.
- Unchecked Blood Pressure: Monitor and manage blood pressure through a balanced diet, regular exercise, stress management, and medication if necessary. High blood pressure can damage kidneys over time.
- High Blood Sugar: For individuals with diabetes, maintaining control over blood sugar levels through diet, exercise, medication, and monitoring is crucial to minimize kidney complications.
- Excessive Pain Relievers: Use over-the-counter pain relievers sparingly and under medical guidance. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can harm the kidneys if used excessively. Consider alternative pain management strategies like physical therapy, heat therapy, or acupuncture.
Incorporating these simple yet effective strategies into daily routines can help protect your kidneys and maintain optimal health.
